Understanding Fall Protection
Your Guide to Industry Terms & DefinitionsGlen Martin's
complete line of fall protection products are manufactured by Elk
River, a leader in the fall protection industry. To ensure your
complete satisfaction, skilled craftsmen use the best technology and
equipment available. Each item is inspected at various stages of the
manufacturing process and upon completion to ensure the highest
quality and reliability.
The ideal method of fall prevention would be to eliminate all fall
hazards from the workplace. However, this is seldom possible. Since
many fall hazards can not be eliminated, it is important to identify
potential hazards before beginning a project. Whenever the possibility
for a fall exists, a fall protection system must be used to ensure the
safety of the workers.
Personal fall protection equipment is divided into two broad
categories: Fall Prevention (FP) equipment and Fall Arrest (FA)
equipment. Workers must be provided with personal protection equipment
appropriate to the application for which it is to be used. The term
"personal" is used because the individual wearer is an integral part
of the system and must be thoroughly trained
in the proper use of the personal protection equipment. Many of our
products may also be used in Positioning (PO), Suspension (SU), or
Retrieval (RT) applications.
Fall Prevention (FP) may be accomplished either by
eliminating the fall hazard or by using a tether system. The concept
of a tether system is to prevent the worker from reaching a point
where a fall can occur. The fall prevention system must be designed
with extreme care because all possible hazards must be considered. (An
example of multiple fall hazards would be roof work where at least two
edges present fall hazards.) Many products may be used as part of a
tether system, and these are indicated by the Fall Prevention (FP)
symbol.
Fall Arrest (FA) is the least desirable method of fall
protection, but it can quickly become the only available option.
Despite all efforts to eliminate hazards and prevent falls, workplace
falls continue to occur. To save lives and minimize injuries, we must
be prepared with both the proper equipment and adequate training. A
personal Fall Arrest (FA) system is required when working at heights
of more than six feet. Products rated for fall arrest are identified
by the Fall Arrest (FA) symbol.
Positioning (PO) products are designed to hold a worker in a
safe working position while allowing free use of both hands. If the
work is more than six feet above the surface a personal fall
protection system designed for Fall Arrest (FA) may also be required.
Products that may be used for positioning applications are indicated
by the Positioning (PO) symbol.
Suspension (SU) products are designed to suspend the worker to
allow him to perform such work tasks as window washing, exterior
building maintenance, emergency rescue and bridge work. Products
suitable for suspension are highlighted by the Suspension (SU) symbol.
(NOTE: Most Suspension (SU) situations will also require a Fall Arrest
(FA) system.)
Retrieval (RT) products are designed to permit the worker to
enter an otherwise unreachable area, such as a confined space or to
assist in rescuing an injured or trapped person. Where these hazards
exist, OSHA requires that both a rescue plan and a confined space plan
be in place before work begins. Products suitable for confined space
and/or retrieval are marked by the Retrieval (RT) symbol.
Ladder Climbing (LC) harnesses are equipped with a front D-ring
that provides an attachment point to be used with either a rail or
cable climbing system. Rail or cable climbing systems are found on
fixed ladders, communication towers, electrical distribution towers
and poles, and other structures. Harnesses that may be used with a
climbing system are indicated by the Ladder Climbing (LC) symbol.
Personal Fall Protection Equipment: Whether used for Fall
Prevention (FP), Fall Arrest (FA), Positioning (PO), Suspension (SU),
or Retrieval (RT), all fall protection systems consist of several
essential components including an anchorage point, a connecting
device, and appropriate body wear such as a full body harness, waist
belt, or tree saddle.
Harness: The basic component of any personal fall protection
system is a full body harness designed to permit the wearer freedom of
movement as well as providing sufficient strength to arrest the most
severe fall safely. Technology now allows us to design and manufacture
a full body harness that is extremely strong, yet so lightweight,
comfortable, and easy to adjust that the wearer is barely aware of the
unit. Glen Martin offers a complete line of full body harnesses, which
continue to include the standard models as well as the latest
innovations.
Anchorage: Anchorage is defined by OSHA as "a secure point of
attachment for lifelines, lanyards, or deceleration devices," and OSHA
Subpart M, 1926.502(15) states that "anchorages used for attachment of
fall arrest equipment shall be independent of any anchorage being used
to support or suspend platforms and capable of supporting at least
5,000 pounds (22.2 kN) per employee attached, or shall be designed,
installed, and used as follows: (i) as part of a complete personal
fall arrest system which maintains a safety factor of at least two;
and (ii) under the supervision of a qualified person."
Connecting Device: Between the harness and the anchorage, a
connecting device is required. Elk River manufacturers a variety of
quality connecting devices including several variations of ZORBER
shock-absorbing lanyards. Selection of the proper connecting device is
determined by the specific job site and job requirements.
Designing a Fall Protection System: The following generally
accepted elements of fall arrest must be considered in designing a
fall protection system:
(1)A rescue plan should be in place prior to beginning any work where
a fall hazard exists. The rescue plan must be well thought out, and
all individuals involved must thoroughly understand the rescue plan.
(2)If a fall hazard exists, the worker should wear a full body harness
that distributes the arresting force of a fall arrest over the
buttocks, hips, and shoulders.
(3)For Fall Arrest (FA) applications, the attachment point of the
connecting device to the harness should be in the center of the back
between the shoulder blades.
(4)The potential free-fall distance should be as short as possible and
must be calculated to prevent contact with the nearest surface or
obstacle below. (OSHA mandates limiting free-fall distance to six feet
or less.)
(5)The shock load or arresting force of a fall arrest should be less
than 1800 pounds.
(6)After a fall arrest, the fallen worker should be held securely by
his fall arrest system in as upright a position as possible while
awaiting rescue. This will not only make him more comfortable and
minimize further injury, but will also facilitate the rescue efforts.
At Glen Martin Engineering, we make every effort to provide the very
best quality fall protection equipment, but it is designed to be used
only by trained workers. It is the employer's responsibility to
provide his employees with BOTH the proper fall protection equipment
and sufficient training to wear and use the equipment safely.
If you have any questions about the proper use of Glen Martin Fall
Protection Equipment, please feel free to call us. Glen Martin is
"Your Solution to Support!" |